Efecto de la fecha de siembra en diferentes híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.): variaciones en la composiciones fúngicas y su potencial impacto en diversos parámetros de rendimiento.

GALIZIO R; MARTÍNEZ M.; ARATA, A.F.; FERRAGUTI F.; EXPÓSITO A.; DINOLFO M.I.

Pergamino

Congreso; XII Congreso Nacional de Maíz; 2022

XII Congreso Nacional de Maíz

Maize is one of the most important cereal crops sown worldwide. During the crop cycle, maize canbe affected by several fungal diseases, reducing grain yield and grain quality. The election of thesowing date and the genotype are tools that can reduce these negative impacts. The aim of thepresent study was to evaluate the effect of the sowing date and its potential effect on fungaldiversity and yield parameters. Assays were conducted during 2021 under field conditions(UNCPBA, Argentina). Twelve commercial hybrids were used, and sowing dates were: October18th (TE); December 2nd (TT). At physiological maturity, disease incidence and severity weremeasured. After harvest, fungal diversity and grain yield parameters were registered. Resultsshowed that Fusarium isolates prevailed over other fungal species, followed by Penicilliumisolates. Fusarium occurrence was higher during TT, while Penicillium occurrence was higherduring TE. No significant differences were observed regarding incidence and severity. Grain yieldand number of grains/m2 were higher in TT than in TE. Regarding grain humidity, thousand kernelweight, and hectoliter weight, interaction genotype x sowing date was reported. In conclusion,the election of agronomic practices can directly influence fungal diversity and grain yieldparameters in maize crops.