Cystic echinococcosis in South America: systematic review of species and genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in humans and natural domestic hosts.

CUCHER M; MACCHIAROLI, N.; BALDI, G.; CAMICIA, F.; PRADA, L.; MALDONADO, L.; AVILA, HG; FOX, A.; GUTIERREZ A. M.; NEGRO, P; LOPEZ, R.; JENSEN, O.; ROSENZVIT M.; KAMENETZKY, L.

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INTERNATIONAL HEALTH

WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2016

1360-2276

63Objective64 We systematically reviewed publications on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species/genotypes65reported in domestic intermediate and definitive hosts in South America and in human cases worldwide,66taking into account those articles where DNA sequencing was performed. The density of each type of67livestock that can act as intermediate host and features of medical importance such as cyst organ location68were also analysed.69Methods70 The literature search was conducted in numerous databases. We included only articles where samples71were genotyped by sequencing since to date it is the most accurate method to unambiguously identify all E.72granulosus s. l. genotypes. Also, we report new E. granulosus s. l. samples from Argentina and Uruguay73analysed by sequencing of cox1 gene.74Results78 3975 In South America five countries have cystic echinococcosis cases for which sequencing data are76available: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Uruguay, adding up 1534 cases. E. granulosus s. s. (G1)77accounts for most of the global burden of human and livestock cases. Also E. canadensis (G6) plays78significant role in human cystic echinococcosis. Likewise, worldwide analysis of human cases showed that7972.9% are caused by E. granulosus s. s. (G1) and 12.2% and 9.6% by E. canadensis G6 and G7,80respectively.81Conclusions82 E. granulosus s. s. (G1) accounts for most of the global burden followed by E. canadensis (G6 and83G7) in South America and worldwide. This information should be taken into account to suit local cystic84echinococcosis control and prevention programmes according to each molecular epidemiological situation.85a