Genetic Relationships of Southern South American Tribal Groups Inhabiting Argentinean Territory Assessed By Uni And Biparentally Transmitted Polymorphic Markers Correlates With Linguistic Affinities

CORACH DANIEL; SALA ANDREA; CAPUTO MARIELA; BOBILLO MARIA CECILIA; PAROLIN MARIA LAURA

Paris

Congreso; 6th International Conference of The Series DNA Polymorphisms in Human Populations; 2016

Musée de l?Homme

Besides available information offered by the Archaeology, little is known about the aboriginal American populations at pre-European contact times. Currently, an increasing wealth of molecular knowledge is being produced that might shed light on the pre-hispanic history of the Americas. Accordingly, with the aim of investigating the phylogeographic histories of the descendants of Southern Native Americans inhabiting nowadays the territory of Argentina eight tribal groups were selected, including: Tehuelche and Mapuche from South West area: Guarani and Chiriguanos from North, Wichi from North West and Pilaga,Toba and Mocoví from North Central area. A collection of over 300 individuals were analyzed by means of autosomal STRs, ancestry informative autosomal markers, Y-STRs, rapid mutating Y-STR and Y-SNPs, coding region mtDNA SNPS and complete mtDNA control region sequences. All samples included in this study belong to the Y chromosome Haplogroup (HG) that characterize NativeAmericans: Qa1a3, and to one of the four Native American mtDNA HG: A,B,C,D. Our results showed a clear correlation between genetic information and the linguistic families of the groups they belong to. In addition, Tobagroup might represent the ancestral ethnicity of Guaycurúan speakers tribes. Even though, we employed different genetic systems, most of them provide concordant results. The most remarkable result was the lack of nonadmixed individuals among the Native American descendants included in the study. The less admixed group was Toba displaying little over 95% Native American contribution. The last continental territory to be occupied by the modern humans showed to be the one with highest genetic admixture. Descendants of Native American lineages might represent a case-study for genetic globalization at world-wide extent