Genetic Diversity in South Amerindian populations.

PAROLÍN ML, GOICOECHEA AS, AVENA SA, DEJEAN CB Y CARNESE FR

Chicago IL USA

Congreso; 78º Congreso de la American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA); 2009

American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA).

In the present study genetic diversity in South American Aboriginal groups was analysed. Several sets of markers and populations were considered in this work. Diversity at 11 protein loci and in mitochondrial DNA haplogroups were compared in 20 populations (N= 24.228): Chrirguanos, Pilagá, Chorote, Mocoví, Toba, Wichi, Mapuche(Arg.), Mapuche(Ch.), Tehuelche, Aymará, Lengua, Ayoreo, Guaraní, Kaningang, Macushi, Wapishana, Xavante, Yanomama, Makiritare and Ticuna. Other comparation was made, in relation to 11 protein loci, with class II HLA system, Y chromosome, autosomals and X-chromosome STRs which, were compared among 12, 10, 7 and 5 South Amerindian groups, respectively. Genetic diversity lowest value was observed at protein level (Ht= 0.308) and the highest in HLA-DRB1 locus (Ht= 0.902). The intrapopulation genetic variability (Hs) explained most of the diversity, with a variation range (Hs/Ht) from 0.753 at mtDNA to 0.937 at protein level. The lowest interpopulational genetic variability was observed at protein level (Gst’= 0.066), and the highest at mtDNA (Gst’= 0.257) and Y chromosome haplotype (Gst’= 0.226). Autosomal STRs (Gst’= 0.086), X-chromosome (Gst’= 0.097) and HLA-DRB1 locus (Gst’= 0.126) presented intermediate values. Genetic variability calculated is discussed taking into acount the migratory, historic and demographic processes that South Amerindian populations went through. Grant Sponsor: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBACyT).