Faster-is-slower effect in different systems of flowing particles

PASTOR, JOSÉ M.; GARCIMARTÍN, ANGEL; MARTÍN, CESAR; GAGO, PAULA A.; PERALTA, JUAN P.; PARISI, DANIEL R.; PUGNALONI, LUIS A.; ZURIGUEL, IKER

Zaragoza

Workshop; Flow and clogging in bottlenecks: simulations and experiments; 2014

PARISI, D. R. ORADOR INVITADO The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first reported for simulated pedestrians evacuating a room through a narrow door (Helbing, Farkas, Vicsek. Nature 407, 487-490, 2000). It describes the increase of the evacuation time when the driving force of the pedestrians increases beyond certain threshold. Here, we will present different experimental systems exhibiting the FIS effect. In particular, humans evacuating a room, a flock of sheep and a 2D silo over an incline. In all this cases, the effect is produced by the increase in the intensity of the inter-particle contacts caused by the narrow geometry limiting the flow. The FIS effect seems to be a universal feature displayed by particulate matter flowing through constrictions and where the driving force toward the exit can be altered. We believe that its proper characterization could have an important impact on applications in all the fields where maximization of the flow rate is of crucial importance.