Diabetes-associated changes in the foetal insulin/insulin-like growth factor system are organ specific in rats.

V. WHITE, A. JAWERBAUM, MB. MAZZUCCO, ; M. GAUSTER, G. DESOYE, U. HIDEN.

PEDIATRIC RESEARCH

INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC

Lugar: The Woodlands, Texas; Año: 2015 vol. 77 p. 48 - 55

0031-3998

Abstract Background: Diabetes in pregnancy affects fetal growth and development. The insulin/IGF system comprising insulin, insulin-like growth factors, their receptors and binding proteins, has been implicated in fetal growth regulation. This study tested the hypothesis that maternal diabetes alters the fetal insulin/IGF system in a tissue specific manner. Methods: Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by neonatal administration of streptozotocin and mated with control rats. At day 21 of gestation the weights of fetuses, placentas and fetal organs (heart, lung, liver, stomach, intestine and pancreas) were determined. Maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of insulin, IGF1 and IGF2 were measured by ELISA, and expression of IGF1, IGF2, IGF1R, IGF2R, IR, IGFBP1, BP2 and BP3 in placenta and fetal organs by qPCR. Results: The well known increase in fetal growth in this model of mild diabetes is accompanied by elevated insulin and IGF1 levels and alterations of the insulin/IGF system in the fetus and the placenta. These alterations were organ and gene specific. The insulin/IGF system was generally upregulated, especially in the fetal heart, whilst it was downregulated in fetal lung. Conclusion: In our model of mild diabetes the effect of maternal diabetes on fetal weight and fetal insulin/IGF system expression is organ specific with highly sensitive organs such as lung and heart, and organs that were less affected, such as stomach.