CESIMAR - CENPAT   25625
CENTRO PARA EL ESTUDIO DE SISTEMAS MARINOS
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Changes in the distributions of penguins and other seabirds around the southern hemisphere
Autor/es:
CANNEL, BELINDA; MAKHADO, AB ; CRAWFORD, ROBERT; GARCÍA BORBOROGLU, PABLO; SIMEONE, ALEJANDRO; BOERSMA, DEE; LYNCH, HEATHER; LAMONT, T
Lugar:
Cape Town
Reunión:
Congreso; 9th International Penguin Congress; 2016
Resumen:
There have been recent altered distributions of penguins and other seabirds around the southern hemisphere. In South Africa, eastward extensions into the Indian Ocean of the breeding ranges of at least two seabirds that formerly bred only in the Atlantic Ocean, increases in Indian Ocean populations of five other species that previously bred mainly in the Atlantic Ocean, and an increased proportion of African penguins in the Indian Ocean followed a southeast displacement of prey. In Western Australia, there were southward shifts in breeding distributions, or rapid growth of southern colonies, for eight tropical seabirds. By contrast, increasing SSTs were associated with decreased participation in breeding and a reduced breeding success of temperate little penguins. The Humboldt penguin has decreased in Peru; in northern Chile populations increased while populations from central Chile were stable or slightly decreasing. The overall southward trend of this species may be a response to strong El Niño events. In Argentina, new colonies of Magellanic penguins formed, expanding their breeding range to the north. The northernmost colonies increased and large colonies decreased. SST anomalies reported during the Magellanic penguin wintering stage resulted in large-scale mortality and penguins migrating farther north. In the western Antarctic Peninsula, Gentoo penguins expanded their range south in step with a southward retraction of heavy sea ice.The widespread distributional changes, especially when coupled with pervasive recent changes in population numbers of some seabirds (including penguins) at sub-Antarctic islands and Antarctica, highlight the possibility of basin- to global-scale forcing and some such mechanisms have been formulated. We summarise information and look forward to gleaning further insights from chats around the poster.