Traceability of soybeans produced in Argentina based on their trace element profiles

HIDALGO, MELISA; MARCHEVSKY, EDUARDO J.; FECHNER, DIANA C.; PELLERANO, ROBERTO G.; BALLABIO, DAVIDE

JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS

JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD

Lugar: LOndres; Año: 2020 vol. 34 p. 1 - 10

0886-9383

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is a popular foodstuff and crop plant, used in human and animal food. In this work, multielement analysis of soybean grains samples in combination with chemometric tools was used to tracing the geographical origins. For this purpose, 120 samples from three provinces of Argentina were analyzed for a panel of 20 trace elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). First, we used principal component analysis (PCA) for exploratory analysis. Then, supervised classification techniques such as support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVM-DA), random forest (RF), k- nearest neighbors (k-NN) and class-modeling techniques such as soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), potential functions (PF), and one class support vector machine (OC-SVM) were applied as tools to establish a model of origin of samples. The performance of the techniques were compare using global indexes. Among all the models tested, SVM and SIMCA showed the highest percentages in terms of prediction ability in cross-validation with average values of 99.3% for SVM-DA and a median value of balanced accuracy of 96.0%, 91.7%, 88.3% for the three origins using SIMCA. Results suggested that the developed methodology by chemometric techniques is robust and reliable for the geographical classification of soybean samples from Argentina.