CAMBIOS EN LA COMPOSICIÓN DE PROTEÍNAS Y ALMIDÓN EN HÍBRIDOS DE MAÍZ ARGENTINOS LIBERADOS DESDE 1965 A 2016

ABDALA, LUCAS J.; CABALLERO-ROTHAR, NANCY N.; GERDE JOSE A.; BORRÁS LUCAS

Pergamino

Congreso; XI Congreso Nacional de Maíz: Sea maíz integrando ciencia, producción, ambiente y comunidad; 2018

A.I.A.N.B.A. - Asociación de Ingenieros Agrónomos del Norte de la Provincia de Buenos Aires

Maize (Zea mays L.) is used for different industrial purposes. Dry milling industry requires hard endosperm kernels, and Argentina is the single provider of this type of maize to the European Union. In the last decades, the hardness of Argentinean maize has changed as a result of yield oriented breeding. Zeins (specific endosperm maize proteins) and starch composition have traditionally been related to kernel hardness. Our objective was to evaluate the biochemical components (zein and starch composition) determining kernel hardness in commercial maize hybrids released in Argentina from 1965 to 2016. Results revealed a decrease in Z1 and Z2 zein concentrations with increasing genotype release year, although their proportions to the total zein content did not change. The concentrations and proportions of Z2 components, C1 and E zeins, decreased, while C2 (both concentration and proportion) increased throughout the studied period. No significant trend was observed in F zein concentration, but its relative proportion did increase. There was no clear trend throughout the release years for amylose concentration or amylose: starch ratio. In general, kernel hardness attributes were positively correlated with Z1 and Z2 concentrations, and the specific zeins E and C1, while C2 was negatively correlated with these attributes.