HIGH-QUALITY PRODUCTIVITY OF GREEN ASPARAGUS MALE HYBRIDS IN BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE, ARGENTINA

DIAZ, K. E; FALAVIGNA, A. ; CASTAGNINO, A; ROGERS, W.J; GUISOLIS,A.

Pisa

Congreso; JOINT CONGRESS SIBV-SIGA "SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT: CONTRIBUTIONS OF PLANT GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY". SIGA - Societa Italiana di Genetica Agricola; 2017

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche/ Scuolla Superiore Sant'Anna

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis var. altilis) represents a perennial diversification productionalternative for Argentina. With the aim of commercially evaluating seven all-male genotypes (Italo,Zeno. Eros, Ercole, H-668, Marte y Giove) versus a North-American conventional-hybrid control(UC-157), a trial was initiated in 2006 in the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agronomy,UNCPBA (36°48´ lat. S-59°51´ long. W). In the ninth production year, 39 harvests were carried outand the following characters scored between 19/8/2016-17/11/2016: total fresh commercialproductivity (TFCP), long and short turion fresh commercial productivity (LTFCP, STFCP), totalcommercial turion number (TCTN), long and short commercial turion number (LCTN; SCTN),mean turion weight (MTW) and calibre distribution, CD (J: Jumbo; XL: Extra-Large; L: Large; M:Medium; S: Small y A: Asparagina). Turions were cut, selected (long: 22cm, short: 17cm),weighed, counted, washed and measured. Data were analysed by ANOVA-LSD (P≥0.05). Overallmean values were: TFCP: 4.41 t.ha-1, TNCT: 267189 turions and MTW: 17 g.turión-1; LTFCP:2.77 and STFCP: 1.63 t.ha-1; LCTN: 148817 and SCTN: 118375. The genotypes gave thefollowing values for TFCP, Giove: 5.53ª, UC-157: 5.32ab, Ercole: 4.95abc; Eros: 4.46bc, H-668:4.43bc, Italo: 4.24c; Zeno 3.22d y 3.10d. The following genotypes exceeded the mean for LTFCP:Giove: 3.66a, Ercole: 3.21ab, Eros: 2.92ab y Italo: 2.81ab and for STFCP: Giove: 1.87a; UC-157:1.84ab; H668: 1.79abc y Ercole: 1.74abcd. The harvested turions gave these values: for TCTN,Giove: 306501ª; UC-157: 304005ª; H-668: 283998ª; Ercole: 310986ª; Eros: 286494ª;Marte:193011b; Italo: 231504b; and Zeno: 221013b. The following exceeded the mean for LCTN:Giove: 190499a; Ercole: 184540ab; UC-157: 178000ab; Eros: 164498ab; H-668:152502bc; and forSCTN, H668: 131500a; ERCOLE: 126500ab; UC-157: 126001ab; EROS: 122000ab. For CD, 41%were larger calibres and 59% shorter. For DC, Giove and UC-157 production was equally dividedbetween larger and smaller calibres (50%:50%); after these, the following order was obtained forlarger calibres: Marte, Italo, Eros and H-668: 40%, and Zeno: 30%. The main defect found was earsprouting (93%, mainly in the case of Zeno, due to it being a white hybrid cultivated as a green one(95%), followed by OD (4%), DTC (2.6%) and DP (0.2%). The productivity achieved for Giove,UC-157, Ercole and Eros was encouraging.