Bovine viral diarrhea virus infects monocyte-derived bovine dendritic cells by an E2-mediated mechanism and transiently impairs antigen presentation

CARDOSO, NANCY PATRICIA; FRANCO MAHECHA, OLGA; CZEPLUCH WENZEL ; QUINTANA, MARÍA EUGENIA; MALACARI, DARÍO; TROTTA, MYRIAN VANESA; MANSILLA, FLORENCIA; ALEJANDRA CAPOZZO

VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY

MARY ANN LIEBERT INC

Lugar: New York; Año: 2016

0882-8245

Infection of professional antigen presenting cells by viruses can have a marked effect on these cells and important consequences for the generation of the subsequent immune responses. Here we demonstrate that different strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infect bovine dendritic cells differentiated from non-adherent peripheral monocytes (moDC). BVDV did not cause apoptosis in these cells. Infection of moDC was prevented by incubating the virus with anti-E2 antibodies or by pre-treating the cells with recombinant E2 protein prior to BVDV contact, suggesting that BVDV infects moDC through an E2-mediated mechanism. Virus entry was not reduced by incubating moDC with Mannan or EDTA prior to infection, suggesting that Ca(2+) and mannose receptor dependent pathways are not mediating BVDV entry to moDC. Infected moDC did not completely up-regulate maturation surface markers. Infection, but not treatment with inactivated virus, prevented moDC to present a third party antigen to primed CD4+ T cells within the first 24 hours post infection (hpi). Antigen presenting capacity was recovered when viral replication diminished at 48 hpi, suggesting that active infection may interfere with moDC maturation. Altogether, our results suggest an important role of infected dendritic cells in BVDV-induced immunopathogenesis.