A Paleogenomic Reconstruction of the Deep Population History of the Andes

NAKATSUKA, NATHAN; SKOGLUND, PONTUS; POSTH, COSIMO; HARNEY, ÉADAOIN; NOVAK-FORST, JANNINE; ÁLVAREZ, KARINA ARANDA; CADWALLADER, LAUREN; LAU, GEORGE; MALDONADO, SERGIO CALLA; CULLETON, BRENDAN J.; POLITIS, GUSTAVO; RIVERA, MARIO; SANTORO, CALOGERO M.; BARRETO, MARIA INES; VALVERDE, GUIDO; KRAUSE, JOHANNES; REICH, DAVID; LAZARIDIS, IOSIF; ROHLAND, NADIN; HARKINS-KINKAID, KELLY; MICHEL, MEGAN; CAPRILES, JOSÉ M.; BERESFORD-JONES, DAVID; FUJITA, RICARDO; AGUIRRE, CARLOS LÉMUZ; MEDDENS, FRANK; HARPER, THOMAS K.; RADEMAKER, KURT; SALAZAR, LUCY; SCHEIFLER, NAHUEL; ESPINOZA, ISABEL FLORES; KENNETT, DOUGLAS J.; HAAK, WOLFGANG; FEHREN-SCHMITZ, LARS; BARBIERI, CHIARA; MALLICK, SWAPAN; FERRY, MATTHEW; STEWARDSON, KRISTIN; DURRUTY, MARTA ALFONSO; BURGER, RICHARD; ISLA, JOHNY; LEBLANC, STEVEN; MESSINEO, PABLO G.; QUILTER, JEFFREY; REINDEL, MARKUS; SANDOVAL, JOSÉ R.; STANDEN, VIVIEN; TOMASTO-CAGIGAO, ELSA; COOPER, ALAN; LLAMAS, BASTIEN

CELL

CELL PRESS

Lugar: United States; Año: 2020 vol. 181 p. 1131 - 1145

0092-8674

There are many unanswered questions about the population history of the Central and South Central Andes, particularly regarding the impact of large-scale societies, such as the Moche, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca. We assembled genome-wide data on 89 individuals dating from 9,000-500 years ago (BP), with a particular focus on the period of the rise and fall of state societies. Today´s genetic structure began to develop by 5,800 BP, followed by bi-directional gene flow between the North and South Highlands, and between the Highlands and Coast. We detect minimal admixture among neighboring groups between 2,000-500 BP,although we do detect cosmopolitanism (people of diverse ancestries living side-by-side) in the heartlands of the Tiwanaku and Inca polities. We also highlight cases of long-range mobility connecting the Andes to Argentina and the Northwest Andes to the Amazon Basin.