Chronic exposure to urban air pollution in Buenos Aires city induces olfactory alteration, oxidative stress and inflammation in mice olfactory bulb.

GARCÉS M; MARCHINI T; TRIPODI V; MAGNANI N; CÁCERES L; MENDEZ DIODIATI N; BUCHHOLZ B; CALABRÓ V; FREIRE A; REYNOSO S; MARTINEFSKI, MANUELA; ALVAREZ S; EVELSON P

Siena

Congreso; The Future of Redox Biology. Siena 2022; 2022

SFRR-I

Previous reports indicate that the brain is a target of air pollution, causing tissue damage and functional alterations. The aim of this work was to study the chronic effects of urban air pollution on olfactory bulb (OB), focusing on oxidative stress and inflammation as possible mechanisms mediating these effects. BALB/c 8-week-old mice were exposed to filtered air (FA, control) or urban air (UA) inside whole-body chambers, located in a highly polluted area of Bs. As. city, for up to 4w. Regarding OB redox status, UA mice showed decreased GSH levels, while Cu/Zn-SOD and GR activities, and GPx expression, were increased after 4w. Increased 4-hidroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine expression levels in UA, indicate oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Also, increased expression of NADPH oxidase isoforms, were accompanied with higher iNOS and GFAP expression levels after 4w. Mitochondria dysfunction was observed by the increase in H2O2 production in UA. The observed alteration in the olfactory behavioral test, together with the above OB results, suggests an impaired olfactory function and an inflammatory process in UA exposed mice. Taken together, these data indicate that oxidative stress and inflammation may play a key role in brain damage mechanisms triggered by air pollution.