Flavanols and NF-ƒÛB activation: relevance for inflammation and associated diseases

C. G. FRAGA; P. I. OTEIZA

Dietary modulation of cell signaling pathways

CRC Press

Año: 2008; p. 137 - 151

Increasing epidemiological evidence demonstrates that diets rich in fruit and vegetables promote health, and attenuate, or delay, the onset of various diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, certain cancers, and several other age-related degenerative disorders [1–3]. The plant components and the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which fruit and vegetables reduce the risk for these diseases are matters of intense investigation. One group of phytochemicals, the fl avonoids, is gaining acceptance, playing a major role in the health benefi ts offered by fruit and vegetables, as it was proposed by Reanud et al. [4]. Originally described as a transcription factor present in B cells, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is now known to be ubiquitously present in cells [5]. Multiple stimuli can trigger NF-κB activation, including proinfl ammatory cytokines, bacteria, viruses and their products, oxidants, drugs, environmental pollutants and other stressors [6]. The nature of the stimuli and the genes regulated by NF-κB revealed that this transcription factor is involved in the cell response to stress and consequently can be a key player in several diseases. The identifi cation of compounds that can modulate NF-κB activation is a current and relevant pharmaceutical [7] and nutritional goal [8]. In this review we present information on the potential effects of a particular type of fl avonoids, fl avanols and related procyanidins, on the modulation of NF-κB, and the implications for relevant human diseasesκB) is now known to be ubiquitously present in cells [5]. Multiple stimuli can trigger NF-κB activation, including proinfl ammatory cytokines, bacteria, viruses and their products, oxidants, drugs, environmental pollutants and other stressors [6]. The nature of the stimuli and the genes regulated by NF-κB revealed that this transcription factor is involved in the cell response to stress and consequently can be a key player in several diseases. The identifi cation of compounds that can modulate NF-κB activation is a current and relevant pharmaceutical [7] and nutritional goal [8]. In this review we present information on the potential effects of a particular type of fl avonoids, fl avanols and related procyanidins, on the modulation of NF-κB, and the implications for relevant human diseasesκB activation, including proinfl ammatory cytokines, bacteria, viruses and their products, oxidants, drugs, environmental pollutants and other stressors [6]. The nature of the stimuli and the genes regulated by NF-κB revealed that this transcription factor is involved in the cell response to stress and consequently can be a key player in several diseases. The identifi cation of compounds that can modulate NF-κB activation is a current and relevant pharmaceutical [7] and nutritional goal [8]. In this review we present information on the potential effects of a particular type of fl avonoids, fl avanols and related procyanidins, on the modulation of NF-κB, and the implications for relevant human diseasesκB revealed that this transcription factor is involved in the cell response to stress and consequently can be a key player in several diseases. The identifi cation of compounds that can modulate NF-κB activation is a current and relevant pharmaceutical [7] and nutritional goal [8]. In this review we present information on the potential effects of a particular type of fl avonoids, fl avanols and related procyanidins, on the modulation of NF-κB, and the implications for relevant human diseasesκB activation is a current and relevant pharmaceutical [7] and nutritional goal [8]. In this review we present information on the potential effects of a particular type of fl avonoids, fl avanols and related procyanidins, on the modulation of NF-κB, and the implications for relevant human diseasesκB, and the implications for relevant human diseases