Alzheimer disease and cognitive impairment associated with diabetes mellitus type 2: Associations and a hypothesis.

DOMINGUEZ, RAUL; PAGANO, MIGUEL; MARSCHOFF, ENRIQUE; REPETTO, MARISA; SERRA, JORGE

NEUROLOGIA

Elsevier España

Lugar: Madrid; Año: 2014 vol. 29 p. 567 - 572

Several epidemiological studies have shown that diabetic patients have an increased risk for developing Alzheimer´s disease. Both diseases have similar metabolic abnormalities: Alterations in glucose metabolism, endurance and irregularities in the receptors for insulin signaling, oxidative stress, abnormal protein conformation and β-amyloid deposits. Through the development of experimental research in the last two decades several hypotheses have been postulated. One of the most striking of which relates microvascular damage of diabetic polyneuropathy with the changes that occur in the central nervous system in Alzheimer´s disease. Another hypothesis considers that both diseases or temporary worsening deterioration is linked to the state of systemic oxidative stress. Recently in patients with Alzheimer´s disease Type 2 Diabetes concomitant or superimposed, it has proven the existence of attenuation in cognitive impairment and some normalization in biochemical variables related to dementia. Antidiabetic drugs could have a favorable effect on glycolysis, their final products and other metabolic disorders. The wider and better understanding of the pathogenesis and the various anomalies that interact in both diseases may provide therapeutic strategies to stop the progression