Rat liver antioxidant response to iron and copper overloads.

MUSACCO SEBIO, R; SAPORITO, C.; TORTI, H.; SEMPRINE, J; FERRAROTTI, N.; CASTRO PARODI, M; DAMIANO, A.; BOVERIS, A; REPETTO, M.

JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2014 vol. 137 p. 94 - 100

0162-0134

The rat liver antioxidant response to Fe and Cu overloads (0?60 mg/kg) was studied. Dose- and time-responses were determined and summarized by t1/2 and C50, the timeand the livermetal content for halfmaximal oxidative responses. Liver GSH (reduced glutathione) and GSSG (glutathione disulfide)were determined. The GSH content and the GSH/GSSG ratiomarkedly decreased after Fe (58?66%) and Cu (79?81%) loads, with t1/2 of 4.0 and 2.0 h. The C50 were in a similar range for all the indicators (110?124 μg Fe/g and 40?50 μg Cu/g) and suggest a unique free-radical mediated process. Hydrophilic antioxidants markedly decreased after Fe and Cu (60?75%; t1/2: 4.5 and 4.0 h). Lipophilic antioxidants were also decreased (30?92%; t1/2: 7.0 and 5.5 h) after Fe and Cu. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) and protein expression were adaptively increased after metal overloads (Cu,Zn-SOD: t1/2: 8?8.5 h and Mn-SOD: t1/2: 8.5?8.0 h). Catalase activity was increased after Fe (65%; t1/2: 8.5 h) and decreased after Cu (26%; t1/2: 8.0 h), whereas talase expression was increased after Fe and decreased after Cu overloads. Glutathione peroxidase activity decreased after metal loads by 22?39% with a t1/2 of 4.5 h and with unchanged protein expression. GSH is the main and fastest responder antioxidant in Fe and Cu overloads. The results indicate that thiol (SH) content and antioxidant enzyme activities are central to the antioxidant defense in the oxidative stress and damage after Fe and Cu overloads.