Involvement of toll-like receptors 3 and 7/8 in the neuropathogenesis of bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5

MARÍN, MAIA; VERNA, ANDREA E; QUINTANA, SILVINA; ODEÓN, ANSELMO C; RENSETTI, DANIEL; MORÁN, PEDRO E; PÉREZ, SANDRA E

RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE

ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2016 vol. 107 p. 1 - 7

0034-5288

AbstractBovine herpesvirus types 1 (BoHV-1)and 5 (BoHV-5) are closely related alpha-herpesviruses. BoHV-5 is the causalagent of non-suppurative meningoencephalitis in calves. BoHV-1 causesrespiratory disease, abortions, genital disorders and, occasionally,encephalitis in cattle. Both viruses are neurotropic and they share similarbiological properties. Nevertheless, they differ in their ability to causeneurological disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in the innateimmune response to pathogens. In this study, the variations in the expressionlevels of TLRs were evaluated in different regions of the bovine centralnervous system during the acute infection and reactivation of BoHV-1 andBoHV-5- infected cattle. With the exception of TLR9, significant up-regulationof all TLRs was detected following primary infection of neural tissues by bothbovine alpha-herpesviruses. Furthermore, the stages of acute infection andreactivation were characterized by a distinguishable TLR expression pattern.Important differences in TLR expression upon infection of the central nervoussystem by BoHV-1 or BoHV-5 were not detected. The striking differences in TLRmRNA levels during acute infection and reactivation provide evidence that theinnate immune response may be involved in the clinical outcomes observed ateach stage. Further research is required to analyze the mechanisms thatinitiate TLR activation and the signaling cascade mediated by each TLR toelucidate the precise role these receptors play in bovine herpesvirusencephalitis.