Targeted chitosan-based bionanocomposites for controlled oral mucosal delivery of chlorhexidine

B. ONIDA; A. BARRESI; B. ONIDA; A. BARRESI; R. ONNAINTY; M. LONGHI; R. ONNAINTY; M. LONGHI; P. PAEZ; G. GRANERO; P. PAEZ; G. GRANERO

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2016 vol. 509 p. 408 - 418

0378-5173

Nanoparticles (NPs) are frequently defined as solid, colloidal particles in the range 10 ? 1000 nm. Chitosan (CHI) is a linear polysaccharide composed of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Low molecular weight (LMW) CHI shows better solubility, biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability and even less toxicity than other kind of CHI. Hydrochlorotiazide (HCT) is a diuretic class of thiazides. This drug is poorly soluble in water and slightly permeable through intestinal mucosa. NPs were prepared using ionic gelation method with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. This technique is based on the ionic interactions between the positive charge of CHI and the negative charge of TPP. NPs were characterized by size, zeta potential, mucoadhesive properties using ?mucin method?. The optimized NPs exhibited a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 220 nm when are empty and 338 nm when are loaded, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.2 and 0.15, respectively. The increase in the size is due to the incorporation of the drug to the NPs. Zeta potential in all cases is above +30 mV, indicating that there are stables. Mucoadhesive studies revealed a reduction in the zeta potential values for CHI nanoparticles. This reduction could be attributed to the ionic interaction between negative charge of mucin and positive charge of CHI. It resulted in the mucoadhesive properties of the CHI nanoparticles. These NP were loaded with Hydrochlorotiazide (HCT) and the loading capacity was calculated of 80%.