Synergistic effect of environmental factors on risk of prostate cancer in Argentina: occupational and dietary exposure interaction

BECARIA COQUET JULIA; ROMÁN MARÍA DOLORES; DÍAZ MARÍA DEL PILAR; NICLIS CAMILA; MUÑOZ SONIA

Roma

Conferencia; 28th Annual Conference International Society for Environmental Epidemiology Old and new risks: challenges for environmental epidemiology; 2016

International Society for Environmental Epidemiology

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the interaction between a characteristic Argentinean dietary pattern and industrial occupational exposure on the risk of prostate cancer (PC) occurrence in Córdoba (Argentina) in 2008-2014. Methods: A case-control study was conducted including 147 cases and 300 controls of PC. A principal component factor analysis was applied. The first factor identified (Traditional pattern) was characterized by intake of fatty red meat, processed meat, starchy vegetables, sugars and sweets, candies, fats and vegetable oils. Occupational exposure was defined as industrial occupational exposure to chemical contaminants recognized by IARC as carcinogens -i.e., industries such as dyes, paints, textiles, plastics, rubber, leather, herbicides, automotive, chemical, coal- for at least two years. Two level logistic regression models were fitted using age, BMI, energy intake and interaction terms of industrial exposure and tertiles of adherence to Traditional pattern as covariates at level 1. Family history of the disease was included as clustering variable at level 2. Results: Almost half of cases and only a third of controls have a high adherence to the Traditional pattern. A 33% of cases and 26% of controls worked in industries in contact with chemical contaminants. An increased risk of PC was stronger in subjects with high adherence to the Traditional Pattern who simultaneously were occupationally exposed (OR: 2.66; 95%CI: 1.09-6.53). There were no interactions among other tertiles of adherence to the Traditional pattern and industrial exposure on PC risk. Conclusion: A synergetic effect of Traditional dietary pattern and industrial exposure was observed on PC risk. Particular emphasis should be made in promoting healthy eating habits on occupationally exposed men.