The Domuyo volcanic system: An enormous geothermal resource in Argentine Patagonia

GIOVANNI CHIODINI; CATERINA LICCIOLI; ORLANDO VASELLI; SERGIO CALABRESE; FRANCO TASSI; STEFANO CALIRO; ALBERTO CASELLI; MARIANO AGUSTO; WALTER D'ALESSANDRO

JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2014 vol. 274 p. 71 - 77

0377-0273

geochemical survey of the main thermal waters discharging in the southwestern part of the Domuyo volcanic complex (Argentina),where the latest volcanic activity dates to 0.11 Ma, has highlighted the extraordinarily high heat loss from this remote site in Patagonia. The thermal water discharges are mostly Na-Cl in composition and have TDS values up to 3.78 g L−1 (El Humazo). A simple hydrogeochemical approach shows that 1,100 to 1,300 kg s−1 of boiling waters, which have been affected by shallow steamseparation, flow into themain drainage of the area (Rio Varvarco). A dramatic increase of the most conservative species such as Na, Cl and Li fromthe Rio Varvarco fromupstreamto downstreamwas observed and related solely to the contribution of hydrothermal fluids. The equilibrium temperatures of the discharging thermal fluids,calculated on the basis of the Na-K-Mg geothermometer, are between 190 °C and 230 °C. If we refer to a liquid originally at 220 °C (enthalpy = 944 J g−1), the thermal energy release can be estimated as high as 1.1±0.2 GW, a value that ismuch higher than the natural release of heat in other important geothermal fields worldwide, e.g., Mutnovsky (Russia), Wairakei (New Zealand) and Lassen Peak (USA). This value is the second highest measured advective heatflux from any hydrothermal system on Earth after Yellowstone.