Who Benefits the Most from a Social Party, Those Who Host it or the Guests? Mangini G, Gandoy FA, Areta JI, Blendinger PG

GANDOY F; ARETA JI; MANGINI GG; BLENDINGER P

Conferencia; NORTH AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGICAL CONFERENCE VII; 2020

Mixed-flocks are a ubiquitousphenomenon across forest environments involving species with different rolesand ecological requirements.In these flocks, central species attract and leadthe movement of the flock, and follower species follow the central ones. But, thosewho leads want to be followed? [MK1] Two main evolutionary advantages have been proposed asmotivations behind flocking behavior: better surveillance against predators andincreased foraging efficiency. However, it is unknown whether central andfollower species benefit equally from flocking. In order to identify the centralspecies [MK2] and to evaluate the foraging benefits that speciesmight be perceiving in relation to their role, we surveyed mixed-flocks for 388hin the Yungas-foothill forest across 3 years. We recorded the species that wereleading the movement in each mixed-flock and the foraging efficiency of eachobserved bird individual regardless its social condition[MK3] . Because central species behavior implies more than leading themovement[MK4] , we also compiled all our mixed-flocks data andperformed network analysis to rank the most central species based on theprobability of each species of being central under the neighborhood inclusioncriteria. We found that species with higher leading behavior [MK5] were also the most central by network analysis. Globalforaging efficiency increased by 24% when integrating mixed-flocks incomparison to efficiency outside them, with the central species benefiting themost whilesome followers were hampered[MK6] . This result indicates that central species are seizingthe foraging benefits that mixed-flocks offer whilst follower species could be gettingbetter surveillance against predators. @font-face{font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:auto;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-520092929 1073786111 9 0 415 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:8.0pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:107%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;mso-fareast-language:ES-AR;}p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-link:"Comment Text Char";margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:8.0pt;margin-left:0in;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;mso-fareast-language:ES-AR;}span.MsoCommentReference{mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-ansi-font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;}span.CommentTextChar{mso-style-name:"Comment Text Char";mso-style-noshow:yes;mso-style-priority:99;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-locked:yes;mso-style-link:"Comment Text";mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:11.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;mso-fareast-language:ES-AR;}.MsoPapDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;margin-bottom:8.0pt;line-height:107%;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}