IBAM   22618
INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA AGRICOLA DE MENDOZA
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
PRELIMINARY RESULTS ON THE IN VITRO INHIBITION OF GROWTH AND SPORANGIA PRODUCTION OF PHYTOPHTHORA NICOTIANAE BY BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS
Autor/es:
LUCERO, G.; PIZZUOLO, P.; FRANCESCHINI, S.; DI STEFANO, C.; VETTRAINO, S.M.; VANNINI, A.
Lugar:
ROMA
Reunión:
Congreso; 13th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopatological Union MPU; 2010
Institución organizadora:
Centro di Ricerca per la patologia Vegetale
Resumen:
Phytophthora
nicotianae Breda de
Haan (= P. parasitica Dastur) is one of the most widespread and
destructive soilborne plant pathogens associated to 301 host species (Erwin and
Ribeiro 1996). It causes root rots, stem necroses and crown decline, as well as
fruit and foliar blights on many agronomic and horticultural plants in seed
beds, nurseries, fields, and landscape plantings. Pathogen propagules spread
through soil particles and infected plants. Strategies of disease control focus
on the reduction of the inoculum in soil. Biological treatments may be a viable
strategy to control soilborne pathogens. Examples of the effectiveness of
formulated plant extracts are already available in literature for a number of
soil-inhabiting microbial group such as Fusarium
spp., Verticillium spp. and Phytophthora spp. (Bowers and Locke,
1998, 2000, 2004). If natural plant products can reduce populations of
soilborne plant pathogens and control disease development, then these plant
extracts have potential as environmentally safe alternatives and as components in
integrated pest management programs.
The objective of the present research was to
evaluate oregano, thyme and rosmarine essential oils, chicken manure and
potassium phosphite in reducing P. nicotianae growth and sporangia production. To evaluate their effectiveness
two isolates of the pathogen were used. The influence on P. nicotianae
growth of increasing concentration of potassium phosphite, chicken manure and
three essential oils was assessed through in
vitro assays. Essential oils significantly reduced the growth if applied at
the highest concentrations (P<0.05). Chicken manure, although effective in
the mycelial growth inhibition lead to an increase in the number of sporangia
produced. Phosphite showed the most efficiency in the inhibition of either the
mycelial development or the sporangia production. The role of those biological
substances as potential alternatives in the management of P. nicotianae is
discussed.