Influence of chitosan coating on magnetic nanoparticles in endothelial cells and acute tissue

ADRIÁN CAMPELO; CRISTINA BRAS; VERONICA LASALLE; ROBERTO ZYSLER; ALEJANDRA MINETTI; ROBERTO ZYSLER; ALEJANDRA MINETTI; MARIELA AGOTEGARAY; MARIELA AGOTEGARAY; FERNANDA GUMILAR; FERNANDA GUMILAR; VIRGINIA MASSHEIMMER; VIRGINIA MASSHEIMMER; ADRIÁN CAMPELO; CRISTINA BRAS; VERONICA LASALLE

JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE - POLYMER EDITION

VSP BV

Lugar: Leiden; Año: 2016 vol. 27 p. 1069 - 1085

0920-5063

Chitosan coating on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was studiedon biological systems as a first step toward the application in thebiomedical field as drug-targeted nanosystems. Composition ofMNPs consists of magnetite functionalized with oleic acid andcoated with the biopolymer chitosan or glutaraldehyde-crosslinkedchitosan. The influence of the biopolymeric coating has beenevaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays on the effects of these MNPson rat aortic endothelial cells (ECs) viability and on the random tissuedistribution in mice. Results were correlated with the physicochemicalproperties of the nanoparticles. Nitric oxide (NO) production by ECswas determined, considering that endothelial NO represents oneof the major markers of ECs function. Cell viability was studied byMTT assay. Different doses of the MNPs (1, 10 and 100 μg/mL) wereassayed, revealing that MNPs coated with non-cross-linked chitosanfor 6 and 24 h did not affect neither NO production nor cell viability.However, a significant decrease in cell viability was observed after36 h treatment with the highest dose of this nanocarrier. It wasalso revealed that the presence and dose of glutaraldehyde in theMNPs structureimpact on the cytotoxicity. The study of the acutetissue distribution was performed acutely in mice after 24 h of anintraperitoneal injection of the MNPs and sub acutely, after 28 days ofweekly administration. Both formulations greatly avoided the initialclearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in liver. Biologicalproperties found for N1 and N2 in the performed assays reveal thatchitosan coating improves biocompatibility of MNPs turning thesemagnetic nanosystems as promising devices for targeted drugdelivery.