Immune response triggered by a novel vaccine against pertussis

MORENO G; GAILLARD M.E.; DAVID SABATER MARTINEZ; E. ZURITA; BOTTERO D.; ERREA A; BARTEL E; BRAVO S; CARRIQUIRIBORDE F; CASTUMA C.; RUMBO M; HOZBOR D.

BUENOS AIRES

Congreso; IV LASID Meeting LXIII Argentinean Immunology Society Meeting II French-Argentinean Immunology Meeting; 2015

Abstract: Pertussis remains a public health problem despite the availability of classical whole-cell vaccines (wP) and acellular vaccines (aP). Increased pertussis cases were detected in countries including those with high-coverage vaccine. This increment was attributed to waning immunity and pathogen adaptation. Regarding waning immunity was recently estimated that the average duration of vaccine using a calendar that contains aPdoses is ∼3 years, assuming 85% vaccine efficacy. Individuals vaccinated with wP or wP with aP boosters, the duration of immunity was higher. This could be due to different immune responses induced by two types of vaccines. While the wP promotes Th1/Th17 responses, aP induces strong Th2/antibody response with low Th1/Th17 contribution.Recently we designed a new vaccine based on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Bordetella pertussis, which behaved in animal model as vaccine candidate. We evaluated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced by OMVs. Significant amounts of anti-Bp antibodies were detected in OMVs-vaccine immunized mice with low ratio of IgG1/IgG2a. Regarding cellular response, we detected IFN-ɤ in the supernatant of OMVs-stimulated spleen cells from OMVs (1,000±200 pg/ml) and wP-immunized mice (5,000±850 pg/ml). Weak response was observed in aP-immunized mice (50±15 pg/ml). In contrast IL-5 secretion was mainly detected in spleen cells from aP mice (1500±250 pg/ml). High levels of IL-17 secretion were observed in OMVs and wP mice (1500±300 pg/ml and 2500±450 pg/ml respectively) respect to aP mice (200±50 pg/ml). All this results showed that OMVs-vaccines elicits a Th1/Th2 and Th17 immune response profile and induces robust antibody response.