In Vivo and in Vitro Genotoxic and Epigenetic Effects of Two Types of Cola Beverages and Caffeine: A Multiassay Approach

TANIA MERINAS-AMO; MIGUEL MORENO MILLÁN; SEBASTIÁN DEMYDA PEYRÁS; MARCOS MATEO FERNANDEZ; ANGELES ALONSO MORAGA

Biomed Research International

Hindawi

Lugar: New York; Año: 2016 p. 1 - 15

Theaimof thisworkwas to assess the biological and food safety of two different beverages: Classic Coca Cola(CCC) and Caffeine-Free Coca Cola (CFCC). To this end, we determined the genotoxicological and biological effects of different doses of lyophilised CCC and CFCC and Caffeine (CAF), the main distinctive constituent.Their toxic/antitoxic, genotoxic/antigenotoxic, and chronictoxicity (lifespan assay) effects were determined in vivo using the Drosophila model. Their cytotoxic activities were determined using the HL-60 in vitro cancer model. In addition, clastogenic DNA toxicity was measured using internucleosomal fragmentation and SCGE assays. Their epigenetic effects were assessed on the HL-60 methylation status using some repetitive elements. Theexperimental results showed a slight chemopreventive effect of the two cola beverages against HL-60 leukaemia cells, probably mediated by nonapoptotic mechanisms. Finally, CCC and CAF induced a global genome hypomethylation evaluated in LINE-1 and AluM1 repetitive elements. Overall, we demonstrated for the first time the safety of this famous beverage in in vivo and in vitromodels.