Distributed Generation Systems Including Compensation of Electric Power Systems

PONTORIERO, DOMINGO HECTOR; MOLINA, MARCELO GUSTAVO; MERCADO, PEDRO ENRIQUE; VARÓN LÓPEZ, SERGIO ALEJANDRO

Florianópolis

Congreso; X Symposium of Specialists in Electric Operational and Expansion Planning; 2006

Comité Brasileño de la CIGRÉ

Most industrial and residential loads absorb active power, as well as reactive power of inductive type and distortion power. Reactive and distortion powers imply extra consumption of current as well as a greater amount of total current than the strictly necessary to supply active power. Then unnecessary losses in the installation are produced that lead to an overrating of generating units and distribution lines. This situation forces the operation of those units near extreme limits, making them very sensitive to load variations and causing high losses with high O&M costs. All these factors noticeably affect the quality of the supplied energy. A solution to this problem is obtained by connecting a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) at strategic points of the grid. This device permits to compensate reactive power, and to filter current and/or voltage harmonics of the electric system. Other contribution to the reduction of system disturbances is also possible by generating electric energy at any point of the grid through distributed generation systems in order to produce an extra active power flow. Photovoltaic Solar Generation (PV) is a distributed generation system which has the characteristics of been easily coupled to the grid, is very flexible and has the capacity of easily increasing its installed power. In this work, dynamic simulation results are presented, showing the good performance of the control algorithm proposed, which responds appropriately in considerably short times to the on-line compensation requirements imposed by the system.