Protective effects of hidroxichloroquine in cardiovascular remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome

JOANA ANTONELA ASENSIO; MARÍA CRISTINA LAMA; MARIA DE LOS ANGELES PERAL; ROBERTO MIATELLO; RODRIGO DAMIÁN GARCÍA; ANDREA FERNANDA GIL LORENZO; FEDERICO NICOLÁS RENNA

Santiago

Congreso; SCHCF + ALACF 2020 Joint Meeting; 2020

Sociedad Chilena de Ciencias Fisiológicas (SCHCF) - Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencias Fisiológicas (ALACF)

The cardiovascular remodeling process is an adaptive response to hemodynamic and inflammatory alterations that occur in hypertension, diabetes and / or chronic kidney disease. Thickening of the walls of large elastic and muscular arteries causes endothelial disfunction and increases the risk of cerebrovascular and coronary events. Previous clinical studies postulate that exist a relationship between low levels of C Reactive Protein (CRP) with reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Since the inflammation of the arterial wall plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has led to the hypothesis that antiinflamatory or anticytokine therapies targeting specific interleukin signaling pathways could serve as powerful adjuncts to lipid lowering in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Recently, canakinumab anti-inflammatory thrombosis outcomes study (CANTOS) has shown that specific targeting of Il-1β can significantly reduce cardiovascular event rates without lipid or blood pressure lowering. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalaric and anti-rheumatic drug commonly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, different studies show that HCQ reduces cholesterol levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes, reduce glucose levels in diabetic patients, and has also antiplatelet effects. Evidence provided by the OXI trial and other smaller trials, as well as animal studies, in addition to the low cost of the drug, suggest that HCQ could be proposed as an entirely novel multitarget approach for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic and cardiovascular remodelling.