Quercetin attenuates adipose hypertrophy through activation of adipogenesis and angiogenesis in rats fed a high-fat diet.

PERDICARO DJ; OTEIZA P; RODRIGUEZ LANZI C; VAZQUEZ PRIETO MA; RODRIGUEZ LANZI C; VAZQUEZ PRIETO MA; MIATELLO RM; MIATELLO RM; PERDICARO DJ; OTEIZA P

Simposio; First International Symposium of Food, Nutrition, Physical Fitness and Health; 2019

Impaired adipose tissue expandability causes adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and insulin resistance under positive energy intake. We previously showed that grape pomace extract, rich in quercetin, attenuates adipose hypertrophy. Aim: This study investigated whether dietary quercetin (Q) supplementation promotes adipogenesis and angiogenesis in adipose tissue of rats consuming a high-fat diet (HFD), and key adipogenic regulators in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Methods: Male rats were treated with control diet, HFD (40% w/w) and HFD+Q (20 mg/Kg body weight) (n=7 each) during 6 weeks. Epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) was weighted and stored for histological, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiate in the presence or absence of 20 ng/ml of tumor necrosis alpha (TNFα) without or with Q and quercetin 3-glucoronide (1/10 µM). Results: HFD caused insulin resistance, increased eWAT and adipocyte size. Also, HFD decreased levels of proteins involved in angiogenesis, VEGF-A and its receptor 2, and two central adipogenic regulators PPARγ and C/EBPα as well as proteins involved in mature adipocyte formation as fatty acid synthase and adiponectin. Q supplementation significantly reduced adipocyte size and increases angiogenesis and adipogenesis without changes in eWAT weight. In addition, Q mitigated HFD-induced increased TLR-4, the chemokine MCP-1 and CD68. Q and quercetin 3-glucoronide prevent TNFα-mediated downregulation of adipogenesis (PPARɣ, C/EBPα, FAS and adiponectin) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conclusions: Q mitigate adiposity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance by stimulating a healthy adipose expansion promoting adipose angiogenesis and adipogenesis.