Fluvial and eolian ichnofaunas from the Lower Permian of South America

KRAPOVICKAS, VERÓNICA; MANCUSO, ADRIANA CECILIA; ARCUCCI, ANDREA; CASELLI, ALBERTO TOMÁS

Geologica Acta

Library of Geology

Año: 2010 vol. 8 p. 449 - 462

1695-6133

The Lower Permian Patquía Formation is the youngest unit of the Paganzo Basin, western Argentina. The lower section consists of red mudstones, and fine- and coarse-grained sandstones deposited in fluvial systems with extensive and thick floodplain deposits. These rocks contain a low-diversity and relatively abundant association of trace fossils suggesting the activity of a sub-superficial to superficial fauna. The association is characterized by Rusophycus carbonarius (Cubichnia), Cruziana problematica (Repichnia), and Palaeophycus tubularis (Domichnia) of the Scoyenia ichnofacies. Disarticulated fish remains are also present. The upper section is dominated by red, cross-bedded, medium- to fine-grained sandstones deposited in eolian systems that host a low-diversity and low-abundance association of trace fossils that indicates the activity of a mainly superficial fauna. Tetrapod footprints (Chelichnus duncani, oval digit imprints, short parallel grooves, and sinusoidal grooves), horizontal to vertical burrows, assigned to Palaeophycus tubularis and Skolithos isp. respectively, and arthropod trackways are the typical components of these deposits. The association shows elements of the three presently proposed eolian ichnofacies (Chelichnus, Octopodichnus and Entradichnus ichnofacies) suggesting the necessity of revision and the possible integration of these separate ichnofacies into a single model. The record of fossil vertebrate tracks is very poor in Lower Permian strata of South America and, therefore, the ichnologic record of the Patquía Formation contributes in the understanding of Lower Permian South American ichnofaunas.