OXYGEN ISOTOPES AND HUMAN RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY IN CENTRAL WESTERN ARGENTINA

GIL, A.; NEME, G.; UGAN, D.; TYKOT, R.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Lugar: LONDRES; Año: 2011

1099-1212

Stable oxygen isotopes (¥ä18O) from human bone apatite from central western Argentina (30-37¨¬ S latitude) are analyzed in order to understand changes in human residential mobility during the Late Holocene. This region contains evidence for the use of domesticated plants over the last 2,000 years (Zea mays, Cucurbita sp., Phaseolus sp., among others), and previous models of prehistoric occupation have suggested a distinct change in mobility and population movement associated with their incorporation. The importance of these domesticates also appears to have varied geographically, being greater in the northern part of the region and declining as one moves south toward the limit with Patagonia. Expectations about patterns of residential mobility have varied accordingly. In order to better evaluate these models, we analyzed carbonate ¥ä18O from the bone apatite of 71 individuals with radiocarbon dates spanning the last 6,000 years. Given the existing evidence, we expected to see temporal and geographic differences in their oxygen isotope values associated with changes in residential mobility and the incorporation of different sources of drinking water available within the region. These expectations were not met. Significant variations were seen across all samples compared, both temporal and geographic, with no discernible differences among them. The data suggest that populations throughout the area were all highly mobile, and that this did not change with the incorporation of domesticates.