INCITAP   20787
INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y AMBIENTALES DE LA PAMPA
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Dynamics of PM10 emission efficiency and vertical entrainment from fugitive dust sources in rural areas: a wind tunnel experiment
Autor/es:
JUAN E. PANEBIANCO; MENDEZ M J; BUSCHIAZZO DANIEL EDUARDO
Lugar:
Lanzhou
Reunión:
Conferencia; Eighth International Conference on Aeolian Research (ICAR VIII); 2014
Institución organizadora:
International Society for Aeolian Research
Resumen:
Unpaved roads and agricultural soils can be important sources of wind generated dust and PM10 in rural areas. The aim was analyze the relationship between wind erosion and PM10 emission along the time on different soil and different wind speed. PM10 and sediment mass flux were measured in a wind tunnel on one unpaved road and two agricultural soils. Friction wind speeds of 0.2 m sec-1 and 0.3 m sec-1 were simulated in a 4m long; 0.6m wide and 1 m high wind tunnel during three consecutive ten minute periods under a supply limited saltation design. Measurements of total sediment and PM10 flux along with wind speed were made at different heights up to height of 0.9m at the end of the wind tunnel. Unpaved road was composed mainly of sand sized loose particles and low PM10 bulk content, while agricultural soils were composed mainly of aggregates with higher PM10 bulk content. The total sediment flux, emission rate and concentration profiles on the road surface showed higher positive responses to an increment of the wind speed than the more stable agricultural soils. Sediment loss rate and PM10 emission rate were linearly correlated, specially at higher wind speed. The unpaved road surface emitted more PM10 despite its lower PM10 bulk content. However, PM10 emission from the road showed a higher decay rate along the blowing time than the agricultural soils. The PM10 emission efficiency was higher for the agricultural soils than for the unpaved road, and this efficiency showed an increment over the blowing time on the agricultural soils, but not on the unpaved road. Different surfaces also produced different PM10 vertical concentration profiles. PM10 vertical entrainment at the end of the wind tunnel was found to be relatively higher for the surfaces agricultural soils, specially at high wind speed. The results found suggest important differences in the mechanisms of dust emission in the studied surfaces.