The antioxidant power of Arginine/Nitric Oxide attenuates damage induced by methyl viologen herbicides in plant cells

FORESI NOELIA PAMELA; DEL CASTELLO FIORELLA; CORREA ARAGUNDE NATALIA; LAMATTINA LORENZO

Redox State as a Central Regulator of Plant-Cell Stress Responses

Springer International Publishing

Año: 2016; p. 346 - 363

In animals, there is considerable interest in the metabolism of arginine since is a semi-essential amino acid and has been found to reduce atherogenesis in animal models of atherosclerosis to influence platelet aggregation and an important initiator of the immune response. These responses have been attributed mainly because it is the substrate of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO). NO is a bioactive gas produced in all living organisms that function in several physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, L-arginine serves as a precursor inseveral metabolic pathways in different organs. In the immune response, L-arginine metabolism and availability is determined by the NOS and the arginase enzymes, which convert arginine into NO and ornithine, respectively. In mammals, the limitations in L-arginine availability during inflammatory conditions regulate macrophages and T-lymfocyte activation. Evidences have been gathered which showed that L-arginine and citrulline deficiencies may underlie the detrimental outcome of inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis and endotoxemia. Not only does the immune response contribute to the arginine deficiency, also the impaired arginine de novo synthesis in the kidney has a key role in the eventual observed arginine deficiency. The complex interplay between the immune response and the arginine-NO metabolism is studies in which the arginine-citrulline NO pathway plays an essential role in the immune response, as initiator and therapeutic target.