Regulated serine proteinase lytic system on mammalian sperm surface: there must be a role…

CESARI A; MONCLUS MA; TEJON GP; CLEMENTI M; FORNÉS MW

THERIOGENOLOGY

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Año: 2010 vol. 75 p. 699 - 711

0093-691X

Serine proteases play key roles in many biological processes, regulating surface proteins that are key-points in signaling pathways. A number of studies have reported the presence of members of this protease family in sperm from different species. The precise regulation of their activity is thought to be performed by specific endogenous or extrinsic inhibitors. The contribution of the sperm serine to proteases to fertilization has been demonstrated by synthetic inhibitors and several single knock out experiments, but to date, there is no evidence that link a single enzyme to a single step of fertilization. The explanation for the failure in the understanding of the “one-enzyme-one-process” hypothesis may be that sperm have multiple serine proteases as a mechanism to ensure the success of fertilization. Besides to the classical purification and expression studies, we summarized recent advances in proteomics and performed a bioinformatics search of proteases and inhibitors, providing light to the idea of redundancy. This review summarizes our current knowledge about serine proteases and their inhibitors in sperm capacitation and maturation, identifies questions that need to be answered and provides a reference for future research.