Regional differences in sex and origin on work quality in Argentina

IGLESIAS, MAXIMILIANO; GÓMEZ, PABLO SEBASTIÁN; BOLOGNA, EDUARDO

Sao Paulo

Conferencia; Annual Global Justice Conference - ASAP Global 2020 IV International Conference ASAP ? Brazil Build Back Better: Reducing Vulnerabilities, Strengthening Justice; 2020

1.Indication and brief description of the research theme and of the research question; Argentina has historically presented profound disparities and specificities at a subnational level, both in the demographic weight of its different socio-productive regions and in their socio-cultural spheres. Both the forms of labor insertion and the quality of employment were historically asymmetric processes in which the various public policies and interventions had an impact, rearticulating and generating heterogeneous social structures.This work seeks to provide empirical evidence to begin to analyze in an aggregate way, the effects of simultaneous membership of more than one group, on the quality of work.2.Brief justification of relevance of the theme and research question to the chosen conference theme; This paper has as its starting point the extensive literature within the analytical field of what we know as intersectionality studies. This analytical tradition leads one to think almost inescapably on the valuable efforts of Kirmberlee Crenshaw and American feminism and the important production of knowledge from those works (Andersen and Collins 2015; Anthias 2013; Collins and Bilge 2016; Grusky , Ku and Szelényi 2008; Grusky and Szelényi 2011; Healey and O´Brien 2007; Platt 2019), however, there is a Latin American tradition of its own of analysing the multiple vectors of inequality.3.Brief sketch of the methodology used, if applicable; We use data from the national survey of workers on Conditions of Employment, Work, Health and Safety (Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security, Argentina, 2018) to characterize the occupational structure of Argentina in the first quarter of 2018 and to analyze the population distribution in the occupational categories, according to sex and migratory origin. Three indicators are taken into account to measure the quality of the employment: 1. the security offered by the job, 2. the relationship between the worker´s education and the qualification required to perform their task, and 3. relative labor income. We construct a synthetic indicator of the quality of employment. The synthetic indicator of what we call "differential labor insertion" is compared between six economic and geographic regions in Argentina. After the construction of the synthetic indicator, we use ordinary least squares (OLS) to evaluate the effect and interaction of the different dimensions4.Indication of general and specific objectives and of hypothesis; The general objective is to analyse different vectors of inequalities and their interaction in order to evaluate the quality of employment in Argentina. Our central hypothesis is that historical inequalities persist in Argentina. Specifically, regional, gender and migratory origin inequalities are relevant factors that allow us to understand the quality of the work.