Zearalenone and its derivatives α-Zearalenol and -zearalenol decontamination by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from bovine forage.

KELLER LAM, ; ABRUNHOSA L, ; KELLER KM,; ROSA CAR, ; CAVAGLIERI L, ; VENÂNCIO A.

Toxins

MDPI AG

Lugar: Basel, ; Año: 2015 vol. 7 p. 3297 - 3308

2072-6651

Zearalenone (ZEA) and its derivatives are mycotoxins with estrogenic effects on mammals. The biotransformation for ZEA in animals involves the formation of two major metabolites, α- and -zearalenol (α-ZOL and -ZOL), which are subsequently conjugated with glucuronic acid. The capability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from silage to eliminate ZEA and its derivatives α-ZOL and -ZOL was investigated as, also, the mechanisms involved. Strains were grown on YPD medium supplemented with the mycotoxins and their elimination from medium was quantified over time by HPLC-FL. The most important effect was observed on ZEA, as all the tested strains were able to eliminate more than 90% of the mycotoxin from the culture medium in two days. The observed elimination was mainly due to ZEA biotransformation into -ZOL (53%) and α-ZOL (8%) rather than to its adsorption to yeast cells walls. ZEA biotransformation by yeasts may not be regarded as a full detoxification because both end-products are still estrogenic. Nonetheless, it was observed that the biotransformation favors the formation of -ZOL which is less estrogenic than ZEA and α-ZOL. This metabolic effect is only possible if active strains are used as feed additives; therefore, coupling the probiotic effect with the biotransformation of the mycotoxin. Additives of biological origin will be a viable solution in animal husbandry in the near future.