Revaluation of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus candidus and Eurotium chevalieri isolated from poultry feed in Brazil

FRAGA M.E.; DIREITO G.M.; GATTI M.J.; MORAES A.M.L.; CAVAGLIERI L.R.; DALCERO A.M.; ROSA C.A.R.

REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA

SOC MEDICINA VETERINARIA ESTADO RIO DE JANEIRO

Año: 2008 vol. 30 p. 86 - 90

0100-2430

Commercial feedstuffs in Brazil are an important component in modern animal husbandry. Eurotium chevalieri and Aspergillus candidus have been reported as poultry feed contaminants in Brazil, however, their potential  ability to produce aflatoxins on this substrate has not been evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the aflatoxin-producing ability by A. candidus and E. chevalieri strains isolated from poultry feed and raw materials in Brazil. Mycological analysis was done to isolate total mycobiota. Aspergillus candidus and E. chevalieri strains were sub-cultured in yeast extract sucrose for aflatoxin production. TLC and HPLC analyses were done to demonstrate the aflatoxins production. Aspergillus candidus was isolated at 7.56 and 8.19% from poultry feed and raw materials, respectively, while 26.05 and 26.33% of E. chevalieri strains were isolated. They were able to produce aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. Eurotium chevalieri produced higher amounts of aflatoxin B1 and G1 than A. candidus. AFG1 and AFB1 production were the higher produced aflatoxins. The potential production of aflatoxins by these fungi could be an unexpected hazard to animal health when poultry feed is consumed. The toxigenic ability knowledgement by these species is important to guarantee the quality of animal feeds. Eurotium chevalieri and Aspergillus candidus have been reported as poultry feed contaminants in Brazil, however, their potential  ability to produce aflatoxins on this substrate has not been evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the aflatoxin-producing ability by A. candidus and E. chevalieri strains isolated from poultry feed and raw materials in Brazil. Mycological analysis was done to isolate total mycobiota. Aspergillus candidus and E. chevalieri strains were sub-cultured in yeast extract sucrose for aflatoxin production. TLC and HPLC analyses were done to demonstrate the aflatoxins production. Aspergillus candidus was isolated at 7.56 and 8.19% from poultry feed and raw materials, respectively, while 26.05 and 26.33% of E. chevalieri strains were isolated. They were able to produce aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. Eurotium chevalieri produced higher amounts of aflatoxin B1 and G1 than A. candidus. AFG1 and AFB1 production were the higher produced aflatoxins. The potential production of aflatoxins by these fungi could be an unexpected hazard to animal health when poultry feed is consumed. The toxigenic ability knowledgement by these species is important to guarantee the quality of animal feeds.