Comparative genomics among Saccharomyces cerevisiae x Saccharomyces kudriavzevii natural hybrid strains isolated from wine and beer reveals different origins

PERIS D.; LOPES C.A.; BELLOCH C.; QUEROL A.; BARRIO E.

BMC GENOMICS

BIOMED CENTRAL LTD

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2012 vol. 13 p. 407 - 420

1471-2164

Background: Interspecific hybrids between S. cerevisiae × S. kudriavzevii have frequently been detected in wine andbeer fermentations. Significant physiological differences among parental and hybrid strains under different stressconditions have been evidenced. In this study, we used comparative genome hybridization analysis to evaluate thegenome composition of different S. cerevisiae × S. kudriavzevii natural hybrids isolated from wine and beerfermentations to infer their evolutionary origins and to figure out the potential role of common S. kudriavzevii genefraction present in these hybrids.Results: Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and ploidy analyses carried out in this study confirmed thepresence of individual and differential chromosomal composition patterns for most S. cerevisiae × S. kudriavzeviihybrids from beer and wine. All hybrids share a common set of depleted S. cerevisiae genes, which also aredepleted or absent in the wine strains studied so far, and the presence a common set of S. kudriavzevii genes,which may be associated with their capability to grow at low temperatures. Finally, a maximum parsimony analysisof chromosomal rearrangement events, occurred in the hybrid genomes, indicated the presence of two maingroups of wine hybrids and different divergent lineages of brewing strains.Conclusion: Our data suggest that wine and beer S. cerevisiae × S. kudriavzevii hybrids have been originated bydifferent rare-mating events involving a diploid wine S. cerevisiae and a haploid or diploid European S. kudriavzeviistrains. Hybrids maintain several S. kudriavzevii genes involved in cold adaptation as well as those related toS. kudriavzevii mitochondrial functions.