Towards the Elucidation of the Role of the Chloride Anion in Arterial Hypertension: Its Link with Oxidative Damage in the Kidney

ROBBESAUL GD; FERNÁNDEZ BE; KIM G; PUYÓ AM; CHOI MR; KOUYOUMDZIAN NM; PRINCE PD; GALLEANO M

Argentine Journal of Cardiology

Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología

Lugar: Buenos Aires; Año: 2021 vol. 89 p. 98 - 106

2314-2286

Background: The role of the chloride anion on the deleterious effects of excessive salt (NaCl) intake is unknown and whether itseffects are independent of the presence of sodium.Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate that both chloride and sodium overload in the diet produce independent deleteriouseffects on systolic blood pressure (SBP), renal function and kidney markers of oxidative stress.Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=8/group) and fed different diets for three weeks: C: control (standarddiet), NaCl: high sodium-high chloride diet; Na: high sodium without chloride diet and Cl: high chloride without sodium diet. Systolicblood pressure (SBP) and renal function were measured, and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) production, andsuperoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymatic activity and expression were evaluated inthe renal cortical tissue.Results: After three weeks, SBP increased (*) in the two groups fed with chloride. Fractional excretion of sodium and chloride increased(*) in the NaCl and Na groups. Diuresis and TBARS increased (*) in the renal cortex with the three diets, with no changesin SOD and CAT activity and expression. GPx activity increased (*) in the two groups that received chloride (* p