Eco-epidemiología: caso ejemplo leishmaniasis

SALOMÓN, OD

San Luis

Congreso; XXXVII Reuniòn Anual Soc Biología de Cuyo.; 2019

Soc Biologia de Cuyo

Eco-epidemiology is a theoretical framework by which events of interest for collective health are approached from different disciplines and attending to multiple levels of time and space. It deals with the physical and biological properties and interactions studies by the ecology, but also with the social determination from the population to the individual that the term "ecological" refers to in epidemiology. We will present leishmaniases as an example of this disciplinary approach, a parasitic vector-borne diseases, so the possibility of their transmission is intensely modulated by the environment and the dynamics of vectors and reservoirs, but at the same time, precisely because of anthropogenic modifications of land use and climate, demographic and market changes, the probability of generating an epidemic outbreak is fundamentally socio-economic and cultural. In order to do this, the "driver" factors of epidemics must be discriminated at different scales, from the investigation of continental-regional models (macro-scale), to the study of epidemic focus (meso-scale), to the survey of the transmission site (micro-scale). Each of these levels corresponds to different objectives and consequently generates evidence for different strategic approaches to make political decisions (macro-scale), programmatic decisions (meso-scale) and operational decisions (micro-scale).