Update of the Phlebotominae Fauna with New Records for Argentina and Observations on Leishmaniasis Transmission Scenarios at a Regional Scale

MOYA, SOFÍA LORIÁN; SZELAG, ENRIQUE ALEJANDRO; MANTECA-ACOSTA, MARIANA; QUINTANA, MARÍA GABRIELA; SALOMÓN, OSCAR DANIEL

NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC BRASIL

Año: 2021

1519-566X

Phlebotominae are small insects distributed in the Americas from Canada to Argentina and Uruguay, counting with morethan 500 neotropical species. Some of them have a vectorial role in the transmission of Leishmania Ross, the causativeagent of leishmaniases, a group of worldwide distributed diseases with diferent clinical manifestations and transmissioncycles. Our aim was to update the Phlebotominae fauna of Argentina and to make observations on the American Cutaneous (ACL) and Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) transmission scenarios, according to the distribution of proven or suspectedLeishmania vector species and recent changes in land use. Primary data (entomological captures) and secondary data (reviewof 65 scientifc publications with Phlebotominae records) were used. With 9 new records, 46 Phlebotominae species arenow recorded through the area comprising 14 political jurisdictions and 6 phytogeographic provinces. Distribution mapswere constructed for the 5 proven or incriminated Leishmania vector species, and the evidence supporting the vectorialincrimination of these species is discussed. Three main ACL transmission scenarios are described in the phytogeographicprovinces of the Yungas, Chaco, and Paranaense, associated with deforestation processes, while the transmission scenariosof AVL are urban outbreaks and scattered cases in rural areas. We update the available knowledge on the Phlebotominaefauna present in Argentina, emphasizing its epidemiolog