Fusarium graminearum on wheat in Argentina

COPIA P.A.; FARNOCHI M. C.; ANNONE, J. G.; RAMIREZ, M. L.; CHULZE, S

Rosario

Conferencia; 1 Conferencia Latinoamericana ICC 2007; 2007

ICC, INTA, SAGPyA y Bolsa de Comercio de Rosario

Fusarium graminearum Schw. is the main pathogen causing FHB (Fusarium head blight in wheat) in Argentina. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of F. graminearum in different agroecological areas during the harvest season 2005-2006: zone II North (Marcos Juárez, Córdoba), zone II South (Pergamino, Buenos Aires) and zone III (Paraná, Entre Ríos). Samples were collected from commercial fields where three cultivars were planted in the three areas. At harvest time, samples were collected at random (100 spikes/field). Fusarium species isolation and identification: from collected spikes, 100 seeds were plated on Nash-Snyder medium and incubated at 25ªC during 7 days. Fusarium species identification was done according to Nelson et al., (1983) and Leslie and Summerell (2006). A low percentage of contamination with Fusarium species was found during 2005 harvest season, while Alternaria spp. was the predominant mycoflora. These results could be explained due to the environmental conditions that were not conductive for FHB in the three areas under study during 2005 harvest season. Fusarium spp. occurrence increased noticeably in the Pergamino area, although F. graminearum was isolated in low percentage during 2006 harvest season.