Vernacular Knowledge of Bromeliaceae Species Among the Wichí People of the Gran Chaco, Argentina

SUÁREZ, MARÍA EUGENIA; MONTANI, RODRIGO MATÍAS

JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY

SOC ETHNOBIOLOGY

Año: 2009

0278-0771

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and analyse how Bromeliaceae species are used, perceived and conceived by the Wichí people of the Semiarid Chaco. To this end, phytonomy, morphology, organoleptic characteristics and other features of the plants are described from a Wichí perspective, placing emphasis on an analysis of linguistic expressions. Fieldwork was carried out in five settlements located in the north-east of the province of Salta, Argentina. The information was gathered through open-ended and semi-structured interviews as well as participant observation. Our results revealed a correlation between the importance of each species and the type of phytonym used to name it. The majority of names for plant parts are also used to refer to animal or human body parts; this polysemy is explained by functional, morphological and positional similarities, and mythical associations. Some organoleptic characteristics and the existence of a spirit “owner” of Bromeliaceae species suggest that they have features of animacy. For the Wichís, the Bromeliaceae are closely related to each other and may even comprise a distinct ethnocategory. The results of this study make a contribution to the field of Wichí ethnobotany, which has yet to be studied in depth.