EFFECT OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS ON NEURAL STEM CELLS PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION UNDER OXIDATIVE STRESS

MONTANER, ANELEY; PEREZ, CONSUELO; BANCHIO, CLAUDIA

Buenos Aires

Congreso; Reunion Conjunta de Sociedades de Biociencias; 2017

SAIB

After brain damage, neural stem cells (NSCs) migrate to the siteof lesion, proliferate and differentiate into neurons, oligodendrocytesand astrocytes in order to repair the damaged tissue. However, theirnumber and regenerative ability are limited because the local microenvironmentprevents neuronal regeneration due to the presenceof factors that influence survival, self-renewal, migration and neuronaldifferentiation.We have previously shown that phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) enhancesneuronal differentiation by decreasing the number of astrocytesand unspecified post-mitotic cells while phosphatidylethanolamine(PtdEtn) promotes glia differentiation due to a reduction ofunspecified post-mitotic cells. Approaching different strategies, weconcluded that these phospholipids influence the behavior of undifferentiatedpost-mitotic cells, without affecting the proliferation ofNSCs. The fact that PtdCho and PtdEtn can alter the specification ofpost-mitotic cells makes them a powerful tool for recovery therapy.Specifically, PtdCho and PtdEtn could be effective even in reactiveenvironments of tissue damage (hypoxia, oxidative stress or cellularreactivity).In order to test this hypothesis, we analyzed different methods toinduce oxidative stress in NSCs. Mouse embryonic NSCs were exposedto different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, ferrous sulfateand cupric sulfate to generate oxidative damage. To determinethe appropriate concentration and exposure time for decreased cellsurvival, the viability of the cultures treated with hydrogen peroxideand metals was assessed using the MTT assay. Moreover, NSCswere cultivated in the presence of the phospholipids after the damagewas induced to evaluate their neuroprotective effect.Finally, by immunofluorescence analysis using specific markers,we studied the effect of PtdCho as inducer of neurogenesis and PtdEtnas inducer of astrogenesis during the differentiation of NSCs ina stress microenvironment.