CoCrMo alloy as biomaterial for bone reconstruction in oral and maxillofacial surgery: A scoping review

CURA, ANDREA; ZUCHUAT, JÉSICA; DECCO, OSCAR; MANZANO, ADRIANA

Journal of Oral Research

Universidad de Concepcion

Lugar: Concepción; Año: 2020 vol. 9 p. 336 - 349

0719-2460

Osseointegration allowed for a breakthrough inbiomaterials and techniques and it has contributed to increased applicationof dental implants. However, insufficient bone level is a frequent problem andit creates an anatomically less favourable base for implant placement. Thefirst surgical procedure should comprise the reconstruction of the alveolarbone height. CoCrMo alloys are nowadays considered as highly corrosionresistant and biocompatible materials in dentistry, and therefore has beensuggested as a suitable biomaterial for guided bone regeneration and tissueengineering. Aim: To determine the use of CoCrMo alloy for implantabledevices in oral and maxillofacial surgery and to discuss the potential of thisalloy for bone regeneration and repair through a scoping review. Materialand methods: The search was done by using various databases includingPubMed, Thomson Reuters and Scopus. We selected English literaturerelated to studies reporting the CoCrMo properties and manufacturingprocesses and findings related to bone-forming techniques. Data wascompared qualitatively. Results: 90 studies were selected according to theinclusion criteria. We reported different manufacturing techniques and theiradvantages related to mechanical, chemical and biocompatible properties.Conclusion: Improved tissue reactions of CoCrMo implant devices can beacquired by the application of novel techniques and surface modifications.Moreover, several processes have demonstrated to improve the in vitro andin vivo biocompatibility of the CoCrMo alloy to promote the attachment,proliferation and guided differentiation of seeding cells.