The C-type natriuretic peptide system: could be a link between metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease development?

SOSA AGUSTINA; SCHREIER LAURA; ARRANZ CRISTINA; SORIA DAMIÁN; ZAGO VALERIA; ELESGARAY ROSANA; MARTÍNEZ TAMBELLA JOAQUÍN; MORIONDO MARISA; TOMAT ANALÍA; CANIFFI CAROLINA

CABA

Congreso; XXVII Congreso Argentino de Hipertensión Arterial. Congreso Virtual.; 2021

Sociedad Argentina de Hipertensión Arterial

Overweight and obesity are important risk factors for the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases [1]. Natriuretic peptides (NP) have the ability to regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular homeostasis [2,3]. In previous studies, we demonstrated that exogenous administration of C-type NP (CNP) decreases blood pressure and hypertension-related vascular damage [4,5]. In addition, it was shown that atrial NP (ANP) and B-type NP (BNP) have lipolytic effects on white adipose tissue (AT) [6]. However, a consistent inverse relationship between obesity (defined as having a body mass index of 30 or greater) and circulating BNP levels in humans was observed [7]. The regulation of energy balance and body weight is a complex process in which various systems are coordinated and evidences about the direct effects of CNP on AT and energy balance is limited. Particularly, there is a lack of evidence about the CNP system in skeletal muscle (M), a metabolically active tissue that represents for about 40% of body mass. M significantly affects energy expenditure, playing a central role in the homeostasis of carbohydrates, lipids and energy balance [8]. The bioavailability of CNP is regulated by the neprilysin (NEP) and the natriuretic peptide receptor type C (NPR-C) that acts as a clearance receptor. We posit the consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) couldincrease the expression of the components of the CNP system responsible for its degradation, inducing a drop of the beneficial biological effects of this peptide. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of CNP receptors and NEP in retroperitoneal AT (rAT) and M in rats fed HFD for 11 weeks.Experimental design: Wistar rats received, from weaning until the 14th week of life, HFD (60% of calories correspond to fat) or standard diet (SD). During the experimental period, calorie intake and body weight (BW) were determined. At the end of the experimental period systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured, and the oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Rats were sacrificed by decapitation,rAT and both soleus M were removed and weighted. The morphology of rAT was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of CNP, NPR-B and NPR-C receptors, and NEP was evaluated in rAT and/or M (RT-qPCR). The results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: Student test (n = 8 rats / group; * p