HYBANTHUS PARVIFLORUS AND HYBANTHUS BIGIBBOSUS (VIOLACEAE): ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF 50% HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS IN RODENTS

CUFRE I.M., TARCAYA V.P., BROUSSALIS A.M.,MIÑO J.

Talca

Congreso; VII Congreso Internacional de Química de Productos Naturales y sus Aplicaciones; 2012

Universidad de Talca. Chile

HYBANTHUS PARVIFLORUS AND HYBANTHUS BIGIBBOSUS (VIOLACEAE): ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF 50% HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS IN RODENTS Ingrid M. Cufre1, Verónica P. Tarcaya1, Adriana M. Broussalis1, Jorge H. Miño2. 1Cátedra de Farmacognosia, IQUIMEFA (UBA-CONICET), 2Cátedra de Farmacología. Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. UBA. Junín 956 – CABA. jmiño@ffyb.uba.ar Introduction: 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of Hybantus parviflorus and Hybanthus bigibbosus were proved to have insecticidal activity on various experimental models (1). The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of these species after acute and sub-chronic administration in rodents. In adition, skin and eye irritation studies in rabbits were performed. Materials and methods: In acute toxicity studies, two groups of Swiss strain albino mice of either sex were administered orally with the 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of H.parviflorus and H.bigibbosus at the dose of 5 g/kg (limit assay) and observed during 15 days for behavioural changes and mortality, if any. We evaluated the primary skin irritation (PSI) (2) and eye irritation (3) in rabbits by applying the two extracts. In a subchronic toxicity study, Wistar albino rats of either sex were administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o. for 28 consecutive days and were observed for any change in abnormal behavior, body weight and daily food intake. After 28 days, rats were submitted for haematological and biochemical studies. Control animals were administered 0.3% carboxymethyl cellulose suspension by oral route. Results: There was not observed mortality or abnormal behaviour, in acute toxicity studies in mice for H. parviflorus and H. bigibbosus extracts. The skin of rabbits exposed to 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of H. parviflorus and H. bigibbosus showed values of PSI 0.79 and 0.54 respectively (slightly irritating). Applications in the eye of the extracts did not cause lesions in cornea, iris or conjunctiva (score = 0; non irritant). In the sub-chronic toxicity study, the extracts did not produce any significant change in body weight and daily food and water intake of rats when compared to vehicle treated rats. Further, the haematological (Table 1) and biochemical parameters measured (Table 2) did not show significant differences with controls. TABLE 1-Parameters Control H. parviflorus H. bigibbosus RBC (x106L-1) 6.61 ± 1.31 5.42 ± 0.91 5.92 ± 0.68 Haemoglobin (g/dL) 14.74 ± 0.34 15.33 ± 1.00 16.32 ± 1.54 Haematocrit (%) 35.52 ± 1.51 35.89 ± 1.56 37.33 ± 1.56 Platelets (x103 L-1) 720.14 ± 90.21 729.12 ± 80.15 730.56 ± 86.54 WBC (x103 L-1) 4.25 ± 1.22 5.00 ± 1.38 4.69 ± 1.65 Neutrophils (%) 23.44 ± 1.14 25.66 ± 2.22 26.54 ± 1.84 Lymphocytes (%) 74.33 ± 3.54 75.33 ± 5.56 69.33 ± 5.12 Eosinophils (%) 0.31 ± 0.10 0.42 ± 0.15 0.39 ± 0.90 Monocytes (%) 0.81 ± 1.15 0.52 ± 2.54 0.49 ± 1.10 Basophiles (%) 0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00 TABLE 2-Parameters Control H. parviflorus H. bigibbosus Glucose (mg/dL) 86.83 ± 10.92 79.56 ± 11.34 83.54 ± 10.33 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 66.20 ± 8.58 56.21± 8.32 66.48 ± 9.54 Triglyceride (mg/dL) 52.10 ± 8.32 60.56 ± 5.55 58.33 ± 8.67 Total Bilirubin (mg/dL) 0.30 ± 0.16 0.28 ± 0.10 0.33 ± 0.20 ALT (IU/ L) 38.45 ± 4.22 39.66 ± 5.36 36.89 ± 6.52 AST (IU/ L) 97.32 ± 8.64 100.20 ± 10.33 89.21 ± 4.87 BUN (mg/dL) 20.02 ± 1.56 28.02 ± 4.54 25.55 ± 3.33 Creatinine (mg/dL) 0.60 ± 0.12 0.74 ± 0.10 0.76 ± 5.63 Conclusions: The 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of both species do not present acute or subchronic oral toxicity in rodents.These extracts could be used for future development of ingredients of insecticidal formulations. References 1- Broussalis A.M., Clemente S., Ferraro, G.E. 2010.Crop Protection 29: 953-956 This study was financed by grants: UBACYT 2000090200233 and UBACYT 20020110200361