An emendation of Lysurus periphragmoides

LUCIANA HERNANDEZ CAFFOT; LAURA SUSANA DOMINGUEZ; CARLOS URCELAY ; KENTARO HOSAKA

Medellin

Congreso; VIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Micologia; 2014

Asociación Latinoamericana de Micología (ALM)

The Phalloids are one of the most interesting and attractive groups among Agaricomycetes. Morphologically are defined by the presence of a volva and a receptacle. All of them have in common a mucilaginous gleba with an unpleasant odor, and most of them have attractive colors. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of South American Phalloid micobiota. The field samples from the Chaquean region were collected in the Chaco National Park, Chaco Province (26°48?16?S, 59º36?36?W, 81m a.s.l.) in 2010?2011. This Park belongs to the Humid Chaquean Region, the vegetation from this region and inside Chaco National Park is dominated by Schinopsis balansae Engl. (Quebracho colorado chaqueño) y Patagonula americana L. (Guayaiví), intermingled with Myrcianthes pungens (O. Berg) D. Legrand (Guaviyú) y Gleditsia amorphoides (Griseb.) Taubert (Espina corona) among others. Dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium Museo Botánico de Córdoba (CORD), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. DNA sequence data were obtained from five independent loci. The primers and PCR protocols have been described previously (summarized in Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life Website http://aftol.org/primers.php). As a result we Schlechtendal (1861?1862) described S. sphaerocephalum Schltdl. (Fig. 2b-c) as new species from Río de La Plata, Argentina. More than one century later, Dring (1980) synonymized Lysurus and Simblum. In the same contribution he also synonymized L. periphragmoides and L. sphaerocephalum. Since then, L. periphragmoides includes all specimens previously identified as S. sphaerocephalum and S. periphragmoides (Domínguez de Toledo 1989, 1995, Long 1907, Wright 1949b, Wright & Albertó 2006). Nonetheless, the original descriptions of S. periphragmoides by Klotzsch (1831) and S. sphaerocephalum by Schlechtendal (1861?1862) clearly differ in certain diagnostic features such as the structural morphology and color of the clathrate apical portion of the receptacle and the stipe. South American collections either cited in the literature or those studied here fit with the description of the type species of S. sphaerocephalum and differ from the Eurasian L. periphragmoides. These differences were also supported by molecular data. Thus, we propose that species with pinkish to reddish receptacle nowadays identified as L. periphragmoides actually corresponds to S. sphaerocephalum.