Impacto de los aceites esenciales y monoterpenos sobre la nitrificación y las comunidades microbianas edáficas

DOMINCHIN F; LOPES DE OLIVEIRA; J. A. ZYGADLO; VERDENELLI R; JOSÉ M. MERILES

Ciencia del Suelo

ASOCIACIÓN ARGENTINA DE LA CIENCIA DEL SUELO

Lugar: Buenos Aires; Año: 2019 vol. 36 p. 62 - 73

0326-3169

Monoterpenes may affect the nutrient cycling because they are capable of altering nitrification rates and edaphic microbialcommunities. The present work studied the impact of the direct application of different essential oils and someof their major monoterpenes on the nitrification, functionality and structure of soil microbial communities. Two monoterpenesselected were: 1,8-cineol (1,8-CIN) and α-pinene (α-PIN). The vegetal species selected for the extraction ofthe essential oils were: Aguaribay (Schinusareira L., Anacardiaceae) (OA) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus comaldulensisDehnh., Myrtaceae) (OE). Soil samples were taken at 0, 10, 30 and 60 days after the application of the treatments.Control treatment (CK) showed the highest nitrification values during the entire period tested. However, the reductionof the nitrification was significant (p≤0.05) for 1,8-CIN, OE and OA at days 1, 30 and 60 of incubation, respectively.An increase in hydrolyzing activity of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was observed in the treatments with α-PIN, OE and1,8-CIN at 10, 30 and 60 days of incubation, respectively. A similar trend was observed in the dehydrogenase activity(DHA). The CK treatment showed significantly (p≤0.05) lower biomass values for Gram-negative bacteria. The populationsof Actinomicetes were significantly (p≤0.05) lower in CK treatment compared to the populations observed in thetreatments with OA and OE essential oils. Finally, the application of both essential oils (OA and OE) increased the totalmicrobial biomass estimated by phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA).