Comportamiento Biológico de Materiales Óseos Sustitutos en Alveolos Dentarios Post-Extracción.

SCHEMBERGER, V; GARCÍA J,; DIAZ S,; PASTORINO N; MISSANA, L

San Miguel de Tucumán

Congreso; Congreso Latinoamericano Facultad de odontología- UNT; 2015

Facultad de Odontología. UNT

The thickness and shape from the alveolar bone ridge are determined by the dental root sizes. After tooth extraction and during the socket healing process, a vertical and horizontal bone loss occurs. This situation may compromise the ideal place to put the implant, and affect the aesthetics and prosthetic restoration. In order to preserve, the alveolar bone shape and volume, the post-extraction socket must be fill by bone replacement materials. The aim was to evaluate the biological behavior of bone substitute materials (MOS) to minimize bone loss, together with a special protocol in surgery. Materials and method: 58 patients, female and male, with good health, from 23 to 80 years, in absence of systemic diseases (eg diabetes, autoimmune disorders, prolonged therapy with corticosteroids, etc. ) were selected. Patients have tooth extraction indication from various etiologies, followed by dental implant placement. Informed consent was signed from all patients. Samples were obtained from dental sockets filled by various MSO for 16 weeks. In the same surgical act, dental implant were placed. The MSOs selected were: 1) biphasic calcium sulfate (BondBone), 2) Sulfate 40% 60% Beta-tricalcium Hydroxyapatite (4-Bone), 3) Natural bovine hydroxyapatite (Osteodens, Bioss, Tioss), 4) Allograft bone ( Hemoderivados-UN Cordoba) and 5) Autograft . Samples were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and prepared in routine manner. Results: From 58 biopsies (100%), 38 (65.51%) were female and 20 (34.48%) male, with range of 57 years. At upper jaw were placed 63.79% grafts, 31.03% on the left side and 32.75% on the right. In the lower jaw were placed 36.20% grafts, without differences between both side. All samples showed new bone formation, with bone marrow in 50%. In 21 cases (45.65%) using Osteodens and Bond Bone, chronic inflammation was observed. 6 cases (13.04%) showed foreign body reaction (GCCE). And 3 cases (4%), demonstrate GCCE with chronic inflammation. Morphometric results with autograft (n3) showed 45% of new bone formation; while with 4 Bone(n3) a 40% were obtained. A 47% by Bioos(n7), 39% by Tioss (n2), 34% by Osteodens (n17) and 33% by Bone Bond (n14) were found. Discussion: From these results, we conclude that all MSO selected promotes bone formation. However, it is necessary to increase the sample numbers in each group, in order to do statistical studies, to obtain conclusive results.