INIBIOLP   05426
INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOQUIMICAS DE LA PLATA "PROF. DR. RODOLFO R. BRENNER"
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Fusarium Head Blight: Chemical signals of early infection.
Autor/es:
JUAN R. GIROTTI; ISMAEL MALBRÁN; GLADYS LORI; M PATRICIA JUÁREZ
Lugar:
Colonia del Sacramento, Uruguay
Reunión:
Congreso; 1st Latin American Meeting of Chemical Ecology.; 2010
Institución organizadora:
Latin American Association of Chenmical ecology
Resumen:
In Argentina, Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major destructive disease of wheat and other cereal cultivars. Fusarium species infect wheat during the flowering period; in addition to losses of yield, mycotoxins produced by these fungi in suitable environmental conditions, can threaten animal and human health. Fungi produce volatile organic compounds (VOC), during both primary and secondary metabolism, VOC appear as intermediate and end products of various metabolic pathways, among them mono- and sesquiterpenes, alcohols, ketones, lactones, esters or C8 compounds, can be used for their detection and identification. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to capillary gas chromatography (CGC) and mass spectrometry (MS) was used to study its potential to detect volatile precursors of mycotoxins released by Fusarium graminearum either grown in culture medium or in wheat plants [1]. The aim was to develop a new tool to predict Fusarium head blight in wheat cultivars grown in greenhouse or in the field. We also investigated the utility of fungal volatiles to discriminate Fusarium species. The chromatographic profile of F. graminearum VOC showed a variety of sesquiterpenes, including trichodiene, major precursor in the synthesis of trichothecene mycotoxins; together with minor amounts of short chain alcohols, esters, ketones, and hydrocarbons. When wheat cultivars in greenhouse or experimental field assays were artificially infected, trichodiene was detected within 24h after fungal infection, before disease signals are evident. The VOC sesquiterpene pattern of F. graminearum, F. poae, F. equiseti, F. verticillioides and F.oxysporum was useful in their differentiation. Trichotecene-producer and non-trichotecene producer Fusarium spp. were separated by the presence of trichodiene in their VOC fingerprints.We conclude that this technique is helpful to detect F. graminearum, the major head blight disease-producing fungi in the region.